Research brief · September 2026

Who Likes AI—and Who Complains About It?

What demographic research can—and cannot—tell us about reactions to AI-generated flyers, art, and business content.

A balanced summary of national surveys, academic research, and the limits of observing Facebook communities.

1. The short answer

Best-supported conclusion

Your observations are plausible, but they do not yet establish that liberal white people are the main demographic criticizing AI-generated flyers. The stronger pattern is that different communities encounter AI for different reasons.

People in AI-business groups often see AI as an affordable way to make money. People commenting on a public flyer may evaluate it through authenticity, artistic labor, environmental impact, or perceived effort.

49%Black adults reporting AI chatbot use
46%White adults reporting AI chatbot use
46%Minority-owned small businesses using AI in a 2024 survey

2. What the research shows

Women tend to be more skeptical than men

A 2026 Pew survey of 5,119 U.S. adults found that women were more likely to expect AI to negatively affect society and their own lives. Women were also more likely to say AI is advancing too quickly.

ViewMenWomen
AI will negatively affect society36%43%
AI will negatively affect them personally27%33%
AI is advancing too quickly58%68%
Use AI chatbots daily27%20%

Source: Pew Research Center — The gender gap in AI

Race and ethnicity show a mixed picture

Black, Hispanic, and White adults reported similar overall chatbot use. Asian adults stood out as both more frequent users and more optimistic about AI. Black adults were not uniformly enthusiastic, but they were less negative about AI's societal impact than White adults in this survey.

GroupUses chatbotsNegative societal impactPositive personal impact
White46%43%21%
Hispanic49%36%23%
Black49%35%20%
Asian*70%24%41%

Source: Pew Research Center — Racial and ethnic differences in AI use and views *Asian estimates represent English speakers only.

Minority-owned businesses are active AI users

The U.S. Chamber of Commerce reported that 40% of U.S. small businesses used generative AI in 2024, compared with 46% of minority-owned small businesses. Marketing, customer insights, and customer communication were among the leading uses.

Why this may matter

For a small entrepreneur with limited capital, AI can substitute for some early costs: design, copywriting, product mockups, social posts, and advertising experiments. That creates a practical reason to focus on what AI enables rather than on whether it satisfies an ideal of human-made creativity.

Source: U.S. Chamber of Commerce — The Impact of Technology on U.S. Small Business

Political ideology is not a simple predictor

A 2025 study compared comments from readers of the liberal-leaning Guardian and conservative-leaning Daily Mail about AI-generated art. The researchers found that similarities outweighed differences and concluded that political beliefs about AI were not yet firmly entrenched.

Pew likewise found in 2025 that Republicans and Democrats were almost equally likely to say they were more concerned than excited about AI in daily life: 50% of Republicans and 51% of Democrats.

Sources: AI and politics: Do political ideologies influence people's views on AI? · Pew — Partisan views on AI

Framing changes reactions

A U.S. study of 1,035 people tested reactions to AI image generators after exposing participants to different messages. Media use and science-fiction exposure predicted greater support for AI art, but those same people could also believe that AI would take artists' jobs or copy artists' styles. The way AI is framed matters.

Source: Artists or art thieves? Media use, media messages, and public opinion about AI image generators

3. Why Facebook may look different from the population

Important limitation

A Facebook group is not a random sample of the public. It is a self-selected community shaped by recommendations, group rules, moderators, topic, language, and the economic motivations of its members.

Research on online participation finds that a small, vocal minority can dominate the visible tone of comment sections. That makes comments useful for discovering objections, but poor for estimating what the whole audience believes.

Examples: Disproportionate Voices: Participation Inequality and Hostile Engagement · The Influence of the Vocal Minority

4. Honest verdict

Supported
  • Women tend to be more skeptical of AI than men.
  • Minority-owned businesses show high AI adoption in available small-business surveys.
  • AI-business communities can plausibly attract many Black women because of the growth of Black women’s entrepreneurship and the low cost of AI tools.
  • AI-art reactions are influenced by professional identity and media framing.
Not established
  • That liberal white people are specifically the main critics of AI-generated flyers.
  • That Black women as a demographic are broadly more pro-AI.
  • That Facebook comments represent the silent majority of viewers.
  • That complaints about water use, artist rights, or “AI slop” map cleanly onto race or political ideology.
Practical implication

There may be two useful customer segments: utility-first AI users, who prioritize affordability and income, and authenticity-sensitive audiences, who may accept AI assistance but dislike generic, visibly low-effort, or misleading output. “Custom-designed marketing asset” may perform better than prominently labeling something “AI-generated.”

5. Sources and methods

This brief synthesizes nationally sampled Pew surveys, a U.S. Chamber small-business survey, and peer-reviewed or academic studies. Survey results describe group averages; they do not predict how any individual will behave. Some sources are from 2026 and reflect the latest available research at the time of publication.

  1. Pew Research Center, Americans and AI 2026
  2. Pew, How the U.S. Public and AI Experts View AI
  3. U.S. Chamber, The Impact of Technology on U.S. Small Business
  4. AI & Society, Artists or art thieves?
  5. Discourse and Interaction, AI and politics